Talcott Parsons
Parsons is considered to
be the most important American sociological theorist. He believed that
we need to analyze non-rational as well as rational action and that
we need to look toward institutional common values for the source of
social order. Parsons shaped the structure of a large portion of American
sociological theory, having many of the most important American theorists
as his students.
In 1937, Parsons wrote "The
Structure of Social Action," where he introduced the work of European
classical theorists such as Weber and Durkheim. In 1951, Parsons wrote
"The Social System," where he explained that all entities within an
organization represent social systems, and that social systems had four
basic characteristics: adaptation; goal attainment; integration; and
latent pattern maintenance. His written works have been widely cited
and used by sociologists and others to explain interactions within organizational
system